Optimizing Classroom Allocation using Markov Chain Model for Shifted Lecture Schedules
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jmua.15.1.17-29.2026Keywords:
Classroom Allocation, Markov Chain, Shift Lecture SchedulesAbstract
This study aims to optimize classroom allocation for shift lecture schedules at the Batam Institut of Technology (ITEBA) using a Markov chain model. Classroom utilization data from the Odd and EVen Semesters of the 2024/2025 Academic Year were analyzed by defining four classroom usage states: occupied in the morning shift and vacant in the evening shift (OV), vacant in the morning shift and occupied in the evening shift (VO), occupied in both morning and evening shifts (OO), and vacant in both morning and evening shifts (VV). State transition analysis revealed patterns in classroom allocation dynamics between semesters, while steady-state analysis projected long term utilization. The results show a steady-state probability of 74.04% for the OO state (optimal utilization), but 15.48% of classrooms remain in the VV state (chronic underutilization). Based on these findings, the study recommends a classroom consolidation strategy based on complementary patterns, implementation of a digital reservation system, and optimization of single shift usage. This study concludes that the Markov chain model provides a scientific basis for strategic decision making in educational facility management.
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